Relational Operators in C Programming

Q: What do you mean by relational operations

divA relational operation involves manipulating one or more tables or relations to result in another tablediv

Q: What are relational operators and Bitwise operators

divRelational operators These operators including less than greater than equal to and not equal to are utilized for comparing two operands Bitwise operators These operators are utilized for carrying out bitwise operations on operands like AND OR XOR and NOTdiv

Q: What is a relational set operator

divRelational Set Operators uses relational algebra to manipulate contents in a databasediv

10 Jun 2024

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Relational Operators in C

Relational Operators are used to Compare two variables and understand their relationship easily. These operators are your go-to resources when determining if a score satisfies a passing grade or whether two user inputs match.

In this C Tutorial, we will talk more about relational operators in C, their types, and examples of relational operators in detail.

What Are Relational Operators In C?

Relational operators in C are symbols that compare two values or expressions.
The outcome of an operation can be either true (non-zero) or False (zero).
These operators are fundamental in controlling the flow of programs through conditions and loops.

How do Relational Operators in C work?

The following describes how to use relational operators in C programs:

Step 1: In this step, you input the values of the operands to be compared.
Step 2: Next after applying the operands and relational operator you compare the values.
Step 3: The result is a value that can be true or false depending on the comparison.
Step 4: A programmer can then use this result to perform actions, within a statement or other control structure.
Step 5: For example one block of code can be executed if the result is true and another block if it is false.

Types Of Relational Operators In C

The Relational Operators are also known as Comparison Operators. They compare the values of the two operands.

Types Of Relational Operators In C

There are mainly 6 relational operators in C that are as follows:

Operator	Name
==	Equal to
>	Greater than
<	Less than
>=	Greater than or equal to
<=	Less than or equal to
!=	Not equal to

Let's elaborate on each relational operator in the C Compiler.

1. Equal to Operator (==)

The Equal to Operator verifies whether two values are identical. When the values match it outputs true; otherwise, it outputs false.

Syntax

 Opr1 == Opr2

Let's write a program that compares the operands' values in C using the double equal to the operator (==).

Example

#include<stdio.h>    int main ()  
{  
    int e = 9;  
    int f = 12;  
      
    // Use Equal To Operator  
    printf (" e == f : %d", (e == f));  
    if (e == f)  
        printf ("\n %d is equal to %d", e, f);  
    else  
        printf (" \n %d is not equal to %d", e, f);  
      
    int m = 6;  
    int n = 19;  
      
    // Use Equal To Operator  
    printf (" \n m == n : %d", (m == n));  
    if (e == f)  
        printf (" \n %d is equal to %d", m, n);  
    else  
        printf ("\n %d is not equal to %d", m, n);  
    return 0;     
}

Output

 e == f : 0 
 9 is not equal to 12 
 m == n : 0
 6 is not equal to 19

2. Not equal to Operator (!=)

The "Not equal, to" operator checks if two values are different returning true when they don't match and false when they do.

Syntax

Opr1 != Opr2;

Example

#include<stdio.h>   
#include<math.h>  
int main ()  
{  
    int e = 9;  
    int f = 12;  
      
    // Use Not Equal To (!=) Operator  
    printf (" e != f : %d", (e != f));  
    if (e != f)  
        printf ("\n %d is equal to %d", e, f);  
    else  
        printf (" \n %d is not equal to %d", e, f);  
    int m = 15;  
    int n = 25;    
    // Use Not Equal To (!=) Operator  
    printf (" \n m != n : %d", (m != n));  
    if (e != f)  
        printf (" \n %d is equal to %d", m, n);  
    else  
        printf ("\n %d is not equal to %d", m, n);  
    return 0;     
}

Output

 e != f : 1
 9 is equal to 12 
 m != n : 1 
 15 is equal to 25

3. Greater than operator (>)

Here, The Greater than operator verifies if the value on the left is greater than on the right and It returns true if this condition holds.

Syntax

E > F;

Example

#include<stdio.h>   
int main ()  
{  
    int var1, var2;  
    printf (" Enter the value of var1: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var1);  
      
    printf (" \n Enter the value of var2: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var2);  
      
    // use greater than operator (>)   
    if (var1 > var2)  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var1 is greater than var2.");  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var2 is greater than var1.");  
    }  
    return 0;  
}

Output

Enter the value of var1: 11
Enter the value of var2: 34
The value of var2 is greater than var1.

4. Less than operator (<)

The "Less, than" operator verifies whether the value on the left is smaller than the value, on the right. It will provide a result if this comparison is accurate.

Syntax:

E < F;

Example

#include<stdio.h>   
int main ()  
{  
    int var1, var2;  
    printf (" Enter the value of var1: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var1);  
      
    printf (" \n Enter the value of var2: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var2);  
      
    // use less than operator (<)   
    if (var1 < var2)  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var1 is less than var2.");  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var2 is less than var1.");  
    }  
    return 0;  
}

Output

Enter the value of var1: 45
Enter the value of var2: 55The value of var1 is less than var2.

5. Greater than or equal to operator(>=)

The operator greater, than, or equal to checks if the value on the side is larger than or equal to the value, on the side. It will give a result if this requirement is met.

Syntax

E >= F;

Example

 #include<stdio.h>   
int main ()  
{  
    int var1, var2;  
    printf (" Enter the value of var1: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var1);  
      
    printf (" \n Enter the value of var2: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var2);  
      
    // use greater than equal to operator (>=)   
    if (var1 > var2)  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var1 is greater than var2.");  
    }  
    else if (var1 >= var2 )  // greater than operator (>=)  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var1 is equal to var2.");  
    }  
    else   
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var2 is greater than var1.");  
    }  
    return 0;  
}

Output

Enter the value of var1: 22 
Enter the value of var2: 22
The value of var1 is equal to var2.

6. Less than or equal to the the operator (<=)

The operator "less, than or equal to" verifies whether the value on the side is smaller than or equal to the value, on the side. It will provide a result if this requirement is met.

Syntax:

E <= F;

Example

#include<stdio.h>    
int main ()  
{  
    int var1, var2;  
    printf (" Enter the value of var1: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var1);  
      
    printf (" \n Enter the value of var2: ");  
    scanf (" %d", &var2);  
      
    // use less than equal to operator (<=)   
    if (var1 < var2)  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var1 is less than var2.");  
    }  
    else if (var1 <= var2 )  
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var1 is equal to var2.");  
    }  
    else   
    {  
        printf (" \n The value of var2 is less than var1.");  
    }  
    return 0;  
}

Output

 Enter the value of var1: 66
 Enter the value of var2: 66 
 The value of var1 is equal to var2.

Example of Relational Operators in C

Here we will create a simple program in C Compiler implementing the use of relational operators:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a = 10, b = 20;
    
    if (a == b) {
        printf("a is equal to b\n");
    } else if (a != b) {
        printf("a is not equal to b\n");
    }
    
    if (a > b) {
        printf("a is greater than b\n");
    } else if (a < b) {
        printf("a is less than b\n");
    }
    
    if (a >= b) {
        printf("a is greater than or equal to b\n");
    } else if (a <= b) {
        printf("a is less than or equal to b\n");
    }
    
    return 0;
}

This program compares the values of a and b using all six relational operators and prints the results accordingly.

Output

a is not equal to b
a is less than b
a is less than or equal to b

Conclusion

Understanding the syntax, types, and examples of relational operators, in C is crucial, for performing mathematical operations and manipulating data. This knowledge enables you to create optimized C programs. Also, Master your coding base in C programming to the next level by pursuing our C Programming Course.

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FAQs

A relational operation involves manipulating one or more tables, or relations , to result in another table.

Relational operators: These operators, including less than, greater than, equal to, and not equal to, are utilized for comparing two operands. Bitwise operators: These operators are utilized for carrying out bitwise operations on operands like AND, OR, XOR, and NOT.

Relational Set Operators uses relational algebra to manipulate contents in a database.

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Relational Operators in C Programming

Free C Foundation Course: Learn C In 21 Days

Relational Operators in C

What Are Relational Operators In C?

How do Relational Operators in C work?

Types Of Relational Operators In C

1. Equal to Operator (==)

Syntax

Example

Output

2. Not equal to Operator (!=)

Syntax

Example

Output

3. Greater than operator (>)

Syntax

Example

Output

4. Less than operator (<)

Syntax:

Example

Output

5. Greater than or equal to operator(>=)

Syntax

Example

Output

6. Less than or equal to the the operator (<=)

Syntax:

Example

Output

Example of Relational Operators in C

Output

Conclusion

FAQs

Q1. What do you mean by relational operations?

Q2. What are relational operators and Bitwise operators?

Q3. What is a relational set operator?

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